YUSWADI SALIYA
Interdisciplinary Approach in Design: A Preliminary Review. (page 75 - 88)
Summary 
Design as an interdisciplinary activity can be envisioned from several point of views. This paper reviews iterative global historical context to find general trends and its new interpretations, such as Renaissance and the enlightenment movements in Europe (Western) with all its paradigmatic socio-cultural impact upon the design realm, e.g. the resurrection of the body, and the daily pragmatic experiential consciousness. Specifically, the idea of Kurokawa’s symbiosis representing an Eastern inclination is reviewed in parallel with the idea of adaptation (Piaget/Norberg-Schulz) as an anvil of new design activities. Designerly ways of knowing as the third culture (Cross) is put forward against the modernist views that tend to be excessively hegemono-dichotomized, of which it is deemed to be problematic as well. An excursus on design categories based on Richard Buchanan’s ideas is forwarded to be read as an interdisciplinary exercise. The preliminary investigation is concluded with metaphorically open-ended statements at the luxury of the newly loosened and unrestrained variables.
JAKOB SUMARDJO
Fine and Void Concept in Arts. (page 89 - 102)
Summary
An understanding art is attempted to be reviewed in this article. In general art embraces everything that posses the characteristics of fine, small and based on skill mastery and philosophical understanding. Art values includes three major idea, i.e. logic (true/false), ethics (good/evil) and esthetics (beautiful/unbeautiful), where in the traditional ethnic arts of Indonesia these three values merge. In order to comprehend this concept a knowledge stratification is needed: (1) the level of daily life, (2) the level of the fine, spiritual and paradoxical understanding and (3) the impeccable, ultimate ‘grand unified’ level. These knowledge levels has caused the Indonesian traditional esthetics full of paradox pairs yet unified, and lay the meaning of its cultural artefacts; pairs of paradox entities, e.g. male-female, heaven-earth, serves a reminder of the importance of harmony in life.
JULY HIDAYAT
Double Coding in Contemporary Interior Design: A Post-colonial Perspective. (page 103 - 114)
Summary 
Big cities in Indonesia especially around Jawa and Bali have shown eclectic phenomena in its development of interior design which representing the double-coding characteristics, representing Western and Eastern (cultural) codes simultaneously. In this study, the Western codes refers to visual idioms derived from classical and modern design style, while Eastern codes represented by the Indonesian ethnical or traditional style. The analysis uses postcolonial theories, since in these theories, eclecticism, as an ideology in design style, is conceptual efforts to struggling the local identity from the domination of global culture. It is also to representing the juxtaposition of the Western and Eastern culture. This research then aims : (a) to understand the meaning of double-coding in postcolonial design, (b) to offer an understanding on the implementation pattern of eclecticism in Indonesia, and (c) to expose double-coding through its syntactic and ideological semantic classification. As a result, in syntax classification, there are adopt, adapt, and adept models of sign, idiom or aesthetic language pastiche, parody, kitsch and schizophrenia.
Seruni Kusumawardhani
Vernacularism in Equipment Design of Commuting Food Vendor in Bandung. (page 115 - 128)
Summary 
This research explains vernacularism in the design of the tools/ equipment used by Commuting Food Vendor (CFV or PKL (Ind.)) in Bandung. The existence of commuting vendors are inevitable as a part of urban society development in Indonesia. Therefore this research considered necessary to having the rationale and purpose in improving the design of their equipment to support the quality of the food. The research method used a sociocultural approach with etnography methods. The method was based on theories of vernacularism in design and urban society. Firstly, an observation was carried out to identify the problem and research questions related to the study. Secondly, analysis of vernacularism, its concept and characteristics, on CFV units through the theory of function complexity was performed. The analysis has indicated that the CFV design embodies the idea of vernacularism using simple technology and plainly constructed. Nevertheless it is adaptive to the change and continuously undergoing improvement in space and time domain.
Donnie B. Wijaksana, Achmad Haldani, Dudy Wiyancoko
The Use of Aluminum Waste for Product Design Development. (page 127 - 138)
Summary 
Aluminum is one of the materials widely used by consumers, due to its characteristics: light, strong, easy to explore, and resist to corrotion. Large volume of pollutant due to its waste is therefore inevitable as a consequence of high amount aluminum use. By recycling the aluminium waste, the environmental pollution could be reduced. It is also an effective process to produce a wide variety of items with a new value. This research was aimed to find alternative solution through forming experimentation on aluminum waste, which could be divided into five stages: (a) Exploration on form by moulding techniques; (b) Exploration by temperatures; (c) Exploration on textures by chemically composition; (d) Combining with another materials; and (e) Combining the result from the moulding process. The result of the experimentation has indicated that the combination of alumunium and glass waste could provide various alternatives of product forms of simple function, such as tableware and fashion accessories. It can be benefited by diversification brief for small-medium scale aluminum scrap industries.